git command
| Git task | Notes | Git commands |
|---|---|---|
| Tell Git who you are | Configure the author name and email address to be used with your commits.
Note that Git strips some characters (for example trailing periods) from |
git config --global user.name "Sam Smith"
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| Create a new local repository | git init |
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| Check out a repository | Create a working copy of a local repository: | git clone /path/to/repository |
| For a remote server, use: | git clone username@host:/path/to/repository |
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| Add files | Add one or more files to staging (index): | |
| Commit | Commit changes to head (but not yet to the remote repository): | git commit -m "Commit message" |
| Commit any files you’ve added with git add, and also commit any files you’ve changed since then: | git commit -a |
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| Push | Send changes to the master branch of your remote repository: | git push origin master |
| Status | List the files you’ve changed and those you still need to add or commit: | git status |
| Connect to a remote repository | If you haven’t connected your local repository to a remote server, add the server to be able to push to it: | git remote add origin <server> |
| List all currently configured remote repositories: | git remote -v |
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| Branches | Create a new branch and switch to it: | git checkout -b <branchname> |
| Switch from one branch to another: | git checkout <branchname> |
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| List all the branches in your repo, and also tell you what branch you’re currently in: | git branch |
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| Delete the feature branch: | git branch -d <branchname> |
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| Push the branch to your remote repository, so others can use it: | git push origin <branchname> |
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| Push all branches to your remote repository: | git push --all origin |
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| Delete a branch on your remote repository: | git push origin :<branchname> |
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| Update from the remote repository
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Fetch and merge changes on the remote server to your working directory: | git pull |
| To merge a different branch into your active branch: | git merge <branchname> |
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| View all the merge conflicts:
View the conflicts against the base file: Preview changes, before merging: |
git diff
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| After you have manually resolved any conflicts, you mark the changed file: | git add <filename> |
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| Tags | You can use tagging to mark a significant changeset, such as a release: | git tag 1.0.0 <commitID> |
| CommitId is the leading characters of the changeset ID, up to 10, but must be unique. Get the ID using: | git log |
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| Push all tags to remote repository: | git push --tags origin |
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| Undo local changes | If you mess up, you can replace the changes in your working tree with the last content in head:
Changes already added to the index, as well as new files, will be kept. |
git checkout -- <filename> |
| Instead, to drop all your local changes and commits, fetch the latest history from the server and point your local master branch at it, do this: | git fetch origin
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| Search | Search the working directory for foo(): | git grep "foo()" |